The increasing prevalence of waterborne illnesses has become a pressing concern, especially in regions where access to clean water and proper sanitation is limited. To ensure water safety for human consumption, testing for water contamination is of utmost importance. One crucial parameter in water quality testing is the presence of pathogens, particularly Escherichia coli (E. coli) and coliforms. These microorganisms are indicative of soil and/or fecal contamination, posing serious health risks to the public if the contaminated water is ingested.
Waterborne diseases caused by bacteria like coliforms and E. coli can lead to a range of health issues, from mild stomach cramps to severe diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, and even fatalities. Immunocompromised individuals, including children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems, are at a higher risk of contracting these infections. As such, monitoring and addressing water contamination are essential to prevent the spread of waterborne illnesses and protect public health.